Product Description Flourish Excel is a source of bioavailable organic carbon. All plants require a source of carbon. This is typically obtained from CO2, but, may also be derived from simple organic compounds (such as photosynthetic intermediates). The use of either CO2 injection or Flourish Excel does not necessarily negate the use of the other. Because the processes of producing photosynthetic intermediates and building onto them occur simultaneously, one can derive a substantial benefit with the use of Flourish Excel either alone or in conjunction with CO2 . The combination is particularly ideal for situations when continuing to add CO2 could result in dangerously low pH levels. Flourish Excel also has iron reducing properties which promote the ferrous state of iron (Fe+2), which is more easily utilized by plants than ferric iron (Fe+3). Why It's Different The reason plants need CO2 is to produce longer chain carbon compounds also known as photosynthetic intermediates. Photosynthetic intermediates includes compounds such as ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, and 2-carboxy-3-keto-D-arabinitol 1,5 bisphosphate. Although the names are complicated, the structures are quite simple (5 carbon chains). Flourish Excel does not contain these specific compounds per se, but one that is quite similar. By dosing with Flourish Excel you bypass the involvement of CO2 and introduce the already finished, structurally similar compounds. It is in its structural similarity that Flourish Excel is able to be utilized in the carbon chain building process of photosynthesis. Simple chemical or enzymatic steps can easily convert it to any one to any one of the above named compounds (or a variety of others). Directions On initial use or after a major (> 40%) water change, use 1 capful (5 mL) for every 40 L (10 gallons*). Thereafter use 1 capful for every 200 L (50 gallons*) daily or every other day. Dosing may be slowly increased in high-growth aquariums. For smaller dosing please note that each cap thread is approximately 1 mL.

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Product Description Flourish Advance™ is an all-natural, biologic growth enhancer for aquatic plants. Its advanced formula contains phytohormones, minerals, and nutrients that dramatically stimulate the growth of both roots and shoots in aquatic plants. Phytohormones are a group of naturally occurring compounds that play crucial roles in regulating plant growth in a wide range of developmental processes, including cell division, formation and activity of shoot meristems, induction of photosynthesis gene expression, leaf senescence, nutrient mobilization, seed germination, root growth and stress response. Used regularly, it also enhances mineral absorption and improves disease resistance. It is non-toxic and completely safe for all plant varieties as well as for fish and aquatic organisms. During the first ten to fourteen days after application, Flourish Advance™ works to stimulate root growth beneath the surface. After this initial induction period, significantly enhanced growth in the leaves and stems of the plants will occur. Shake well before use. Use 1 capful (5 mL) for every 80 L (20 US gallons). Dose daily or as required to maintain plant growth.

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Product Description Flourish® is a comprehensive plant supplement for the natural freshwater aquarium. It contains a rich assortment of important micro elements, trace elements and other nutrients. These include calcium, magnesium, iron and other important elements that have been shown to be beneficial to aquatic plants. For macro element (NPK) fertilization, use Flourish® Nitrogen™, Flourish® Phosphorus™ or Flourish® Potassium™ as needed. Flourish® is safe for invertebrates such as shrimp. Flourish® is designed to be used in conjunction with other macro and micro-nutrient supplements. Other manufacturers try to include ALL necessary nutrients, leading to overdoses of micro-nutrients in an attempt to raise macro-nutrient levels. Use 1 capful (5 mL) for each 250 L (60 US gallons) once or twice a week. For smaller doses, please note that each cap thread is approximately 1 mL. Refrigeration is recommended 3 months after opening.

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Product Description Equilibrium™ is specifically designed to establish the ideal mineral content for the planted aquarium. Equilibrium™ contains no sodium or chloride (which can be detrimental to a planted aquarium at elevated levels). Equilibrium™ is ideally suited for use with RO (reverse osmosis) or DI (deionized) water or any mineral deficient water. Equilibrium™ raises the essential mineral/electrolyte content (General Hardness) of the water to balance with and promote stability of the carbonate hardness. To maintain KH, we recommend Alkaline Buffer™. Unlike competing products, Equilibrium™ contains NO SODIUM CHLORIDE. Both sodium and chloride are not rapidly depleted elements in a planted aquarium, and, in the case of chloride, can do more harm than good. Competitors’ products generally contain primarily sodium chloride (because it is inexpensive), which will raise the electrolyte levels for fish, but can be detrimental to plant growth. In addition, sodium is not a contributing cation to GH levels. Equilibrium™ contains only calcium, magnesium, and potassium salts, which aid in fish metabolism, but are also highly beneficial to plant growth. Equilibrium™ guaranteed analysis and symptoms of deficiency Directions To raise mineral content/general hardness (GH) by 1 meq/L (3 dH), add 16 g (1 tablespoon) for every 80 L (20 US gallons) when setting up an aquarium or when making water changes (add to new water). For optimum solubility we recommend mixing with 1 L (1 qt.) of water (the resulting mixture will have a white opaque appearance). When this mixture is added to the aquarium it will impart a slight haze that should clear within 15–30 minutes. HINTS: Do not use Equilibrium™ when replacing evaporated water. This dose is based on DI or RO water; for other water, measure hardness (GH) first, then add according to need. For precise dosing, use the Seachem Digital Spoon Scale. Plant preferences vary, but a general guide is about 1–2 meq/L (3–6 dH) or match the existing or target carbonate hardness (KH), which, ideally, is also about 1–2 meq/L (3–6 dKH). Equilibrium™ will compact with age, but remains effective.

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Product Description The Seachem DuoPad™ is a non-scratch, dual surface algae pad for glass & acrylic. The melamine foam side uses micro abrasive technology to easily remove algae from the sides of your aquarium, while the durable scrubbing side allows you to attack the rougher grooves of rocks and driftwood. It is particularly effective at removing algae from scratches. It is chemically inert and does not use soaps or detergents. It's white color contrasts against dark algae making it easier to see when areas are fully clean.   Melamine Foam, Micro Abrasive Technology with Added Durable Scrubbing Surface Safe for Glass and Acrylic No Soaps or Detergents Effectively Removes Algae From Scratches   More on Melamine Melamine foam is incredibly effective abrasive cleaner. It has a microstructure as hard as glass, but because of its open-cell structure it remains flexible. It performs on stains a lot like extremely fine sandpaper. In the aquarium, it easily removes algae by scraping with its extremely hard microscopic filaments. Sizes: 4.5" x 1" x 2.5" (1 Pack)

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Product Description  Discus Buffer® helps to replicate the ideal Discus environment (low pH & low GH (General Hardness)). Discus Buffer® will lower pH and keep it lowered. Discus Buffer® also softens water by precipitating calcium and magnesium. Use Discus Trace™ to restore the proper level of trace elements and feed NutriDiet® Discus Flakes for thriving, healthy Discus. Neutral Regulator® and Discus Buffer® can be used in combination to achieve a desired pH when performing water changes or adding top off water. The ratio chart below is designed for RO water where there is generally no buffering capacity. Contains phosphate buffers and conditioning agents. Safe for all freshwater fish acclimated to acid pH. Directions Use 1 level teaspoon (5 g) for every 40-80 L (10-20 US gallons) daily until intended pH is reached. Thereafter, use once a month or with water changes as required to maintain pH.For precise dosing use the Seachem Digital Spoon Scale. To raise pH, use Neutral Regulator®. To target a particular pH use in combination with Neutral Regulator® following the chart. This chart assumes the use of unbuffered water (RO or DI). If water is already buffered use the chart as a starting guide. Use Prime® to dechlorinate tap water before doing a water change.

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Product Description Removes nitrates, nitrites, ammonia, and organics High porosity biological media Pore size well suited for anaerobic bacteria No danger of hydrogen sulfide production as with sulfur based media de*nitrate™ is an economical, natural, porous material with a pore distribution and geometry that promotes both aerobic nitrification within the first few millimeters of depth and anaerobic denitrification at the core. The material has a high surface area and supports a high density of bacteria. Although de*nitrate™ has capacity to trap nitrate, this, as with other nitrate retaining materials, such as certain zeolites and synthetic resins, is quite limited and the primary mechanism of nitrate removal is anaerobic. “Live” rocks or reef rocks remove nitrate by anaerobic denitrification. de*nitrate™ removes nitrate by the same process. Efficiency is magnified several folds by forcing the water to filter through the porous de*nitrate™. As with reef rock, anaerobic conditions are achieved by the porosity and the depletion of oxygen by the aerobic process at the surface. Excessive flow rates should, therefore, be avoided, as they may impede development of an adequate anaerobic environment to support denitrifying bacteria.  de*nitrate™ is also an excellent media for aerobic nitrification and it makes an ideal biological filter in drip trays, canister filters, sumps, or even box filters. At high flow rates (greater than 100 US gallons per hour), it will function solely as an aerobic filter. At slow flow rates (less than 50 US gallons per hour), it will function as both an aerobic filter and an anaerobic denitrifying filter. Directions For best results, de*nitrate™ should be placed to assure the flow of water through it, such as in a canister filter, chemical filtration module, or box filter. Flow rate should not exceed 200 L (50 US gallons) per hour. If higher flow rates are unavoidable, use Matrix™ or Pond Matrix™. It is best to rinse off dust before use. Once de*nitrate™ has been in use for several days, nitrate concentrations should start to fall and level off gradually at a concentration of about 4–5 mg/L as nitrate. As long as nitrate concentrations remain under control, the product is not exhausted. Each 500 mL of de*nitrate™ treats about 100–200 L (25–50 US gallons), depending on initial nitrate concentration and the current biological load. Enough should be used to remove nitrate at a rate at least as fast as the rate of formation. If very high nitrates are initially present, they should be brought down to less than 20 mg/L with water changes.

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Product Description CupriSorb™ is a powerful adsorbent of copper and heavy metals. CupriSorb™  will remove copper more rapidly and efficiently than carbon and is thus ideal for emergency copper removal. It extracts all types of copper, including chelated copper, and remains effective until it turns a deep blue-black color. It may be regenerated repeatedly. If placed in continuous use, it will gradually extract even precipitated copper from the gravel/substrate bed as well. CupriSorb™ will allow maintenance of invertebrates in copper-treated tanks by removing copper leaching from substrates. CupriSorb™ is a powerful copper specific chelating resin. Competing products are not chelating products, but merely cation exchange resins. Such resins can remove copper from freshwater but are ineffective in saltwater. Use 250 mL for every 600 L (150 US gallons) to remove up to 7,500 mg (12 ppm) of copper. Use in filter media bag such as The Bag™. For best results, CupriSorb™ should be placed so as to maximize the flow of water through it. To remove undetectable substrate leaching copper keep CupriSorb™ in use for at least 2 weeks after copper tests report no copper. Use in a canister filter, chemical filtration module, box filter, or any high flow area of a trickle filter. Exhaustion is indicated by a pronounced discoloration of the beads to a deep blue black color. Use MultiTest™ Copper to monitor copper. When exhausted, CupriSorb™ may be discarded or regenerated.

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Contains calcium and magnesium sources for rapid growth Unique shape aids overgrowth of encrusting coral or polyps Ideal for use with Seachem Reef Glue Secure base for freshly cut corals and polyps Seachem's Coral Plugs are a chemically advanced means of supplying a unique platform for the stable mounting and/or grow out of all coral fragments and colonies. They are enchanced with calcium and magnesium to aid corals in rapid and secure growth. They are designed for mounting SPS and LPS coral but are just as well suited for soft corals, colonial polyps, and various other sessile invertebrates. Coral Plugs are also designed to mesh together tightly when used in most coral culture systems so that various encrusting and colonial corals, such as zoanthids can spread quickly from plug to plug.ck.

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Product Description Clarity™ is the ultimate clarifier for both fresh and saltwater. It employs an advanced polymeric flocculating agent that is both reef and plant safe. Clarity™ is the only clarifier on the market that does it all! Clarity™ will clear all types of clouding. Many companies manufacture multiple products to clear up each type of cloudiness and each different environment (e.g. freshwater, marine, reef, etc.). Some companies have developed products that will clear most types of cloudiness, but their application requires two separate bottles of product. Clarity™ contains compounds that will clear all types of cloudiness in all environments. Clarity™ contains both precipitating and flocculating agents in the same bottle, enabling all types of cloudiness to be removed in one dose. Upon adding Clarity™ to the water, you will see a cloudy haze begin to form. This is normal and means that Clarity™ is beginning to work. The water is filled with tiny pieces of floating matter that were not visible to the naked eye. Clarity™ makes those pieces of matter begin to clump together. As they clump together they form larger pieces of matter that are now visible, hence the cloudiness. Once this matter has clumped together, it is a simple matter of mechanical filtration to remove the residue. Matter that was once too small to get caught in filter media is now in large enough clumps. In order for Clarity™ to work effectively, you should have a filter with mechanical filtration (e.g., filter floss) connected to your aquarium. Sizes: 100 mL, 250 mL, 500 mL, 2 L, 4 L

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Product Description Reef Builder™ raises carbonate alkalinity (KH) without immediately impacting on pH. With long term use there will be a tendency to stabilize at pH 8.3. Used as directed, Reef Builder™ will not deplete calcium, magnesium, or strontium which usually tend to precipitate with increasing alkalinity. Reef Builder™ and Reef Buffer™ may be used together. Use Reef Builder™ to raise carbonate alkalinity without affecting pH. Use Reef Buffer™ to raise carbonate alkalinity and pH. Reef alkalinity should be maintained at 3–5 meq/L (8–14 dKH). Alkalinity should not be allowed to fall below 2 meq/L. Beginner Use 3 g (1/2 level teaspoon) per 150 L (40 US gallons) twice a week. Dissolve in at least 250 mL (1 cup) of freshwater. Check alkalinity every 2 weeks and adjust amount or frequency accordingly. For precise dosing, use the Seachem Digital Spoon Scale. Advanced Check alkalinity (use MultiTest™ Marine pH & Alkalinity to test alkalinity levels), then follow addition regimen above until alkalinity is adjusted to 3-6 meq/L (8-17 dKH). Each 3 g/150 L will raise alkalinity by about 0.25 meq/L. Quantity or frequency can be adjusted, but do not exceed 12 g/150 L per day. Thereafter, use as required to maintain alkalinity. Expert After determining the alkalinity consumption rate, set up a continuous drip system. Use the following formula (or skip the math and use our Dosage Calculator) to determine how much to add to your top–off water: m=0.08va (m=grams to add to top off water, v=volume of tank in liters, a=amount to raise alkalinity in meq/L). For example, if you want to raise your alkalinity by 1 meq/L in a 200 liter tank, then you would add 0.08x200x1=16 g into the top–off water. [For reference: 1 gallon=3.8 liters, 6 g=1 teaspoon].

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Product Description Seachem’s Brackish Salt™ is a chemically sound blend of salts designed to replicate the native environment of live bearers and other brackish estuary fish without adversely impacting aquatic plants when used at regionally specific recommended dosage. The salt is also well suited for routine aquarium freshwater use. It does not impact pH or provide buffering. Unlike other aquarium salts currently available to the hobbyist, Brackish Salt™ is more than just a simple sodium chloride product. These other salts can burn leaves and roots in a planted aquarium. However, Brackish Salt™ does not cause this type of damage, and actually provides many nutrients crucial to healthy plant growth. Dosing of Brackish Salt™ allows for specific duplication of different brackish water environments found worldwide (such as the waters of Sumatra or the waters of Borneo). Brackish Salt™ can also be dosed for general brackish water community aquariums and general freshwater community aquarium. Brackish Salt™ is a safe and effective alternative to the sodium chloride based aquarium salts so prevalent Direction Use when setting up an aquarium and when making water changes. To add salt to an established tank, do so gradually. It is best to dissolve the salt in freshwater before use. Avoid using salt when simply replacing evaporated water. For live bearers (such as guppies, swordtails, platies, some mollies), use 20 g (~1 tablespoon) for each 40 L (10 US gallons). For estuary fish from the Yucatan or Sri Lanka (Archers, Chromides, some mollies), use 15 g (~2 teaspoons) for each 12 L (3 US gallons). For estuary fish from Thailand, Cambodia, Borneo, or Sumatra (Datnioides), use 40 g (~2 tablespoons) per 12 L (3 US gallons). For scats, use up to 80 g (~4 tablespoons) per 12 L (3 US gallons). This dose is not for planted aquaria. For mixed populations, use an average dose, representative of species present. For specific information on your fish, check with your dealer or other reference source. For general aquarium salt use (either for mineral replacement or disease control), use 20 g (~1 tablespoon) for each 40 L (10 US gallons).

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